Damping

Damping is defined as energy dissipation property of materials and structures that are subjected to time-variable loading. Damping is associated with irreversible transition of mechanical energy into thermal energy. Energy radiation into a surrounding medium is called radiation or geometric damping (Benaroya 2004).

Damping classification

• material damping - energy dissipation by deformation in a medium.
• structural damping - damping in assembled structures at their contact surfaces and interfaces (such as frictional losses, losses at contact surfaces, etc.).
• radiation damping - energy radiation into the surrounding medium.
• geometric damping - same as radiation damping.
• active damping - damping with external energy and control.
• passive damping - damping without external energy and control.
• internal damping - damping inside defined system boundary.
• external damping - damping outside defined system boundary.

Computational models for damping

• modal damping ratios - applicable for linear elastic analysis of structures with classical damping that can be solved by classical modal analysis
• damping matrix
  • classical damping matrix - applicable for systems with similar damping mechanism distributed throughout the structure
    • Rayleigh damping
    • Cauchy damping
  • nonclassical damping matrix - applicable for systems that consist of two or more parts with different level of damping, such as a soil-structure system

References

• Haym Benaroya: Mechanical vibration: analysis, uncertainties, and control. 2004 p. 94

External Links

• Damping at CSI Wiki

 

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