Bridge design: Difference between revisions

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(New page: '''== Basic features of bridges ==''' '''Superstructure''' The superstructure of a bridge is the part directly responsible for carrying the road or other service. Its layout is determine...)
 
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'''== Basic features of bridges =='''
{{Infobox Keyword Bridge}}


'''Superstructure'''
== Basic features of bridges ==


The superstructure of a bridge is the part directly responsible for carrying the road or other service. Its layout is determined largely by the disposition of the service to be carried. In most cases, there is a deck structure that carries the loads from the individual wheels and distributes the loads to the principal structural elements, such as beams spanning between the substructure supports.
See [[bridge]].


Road bridges carry a number of traffic lanes, in one or two directions, and may also carry footways. At the edge of the bridge, parapets are provided for the protection of vehicles and people. The arrangement of traffic lanes and footways is usually decided by the highway engineer.
Traffic lane and footpath widths, along with clear height above the carriageway are usually specified by the highway authority. Whilst the bridge designer has little influence over selecting the layout and geometry of the running surface, he does determine the structural form of
the superstructure. In doing so, he must balance requirements for the substructure and superstructure, whilst achieving necessary clearances above and across the obstacle below.


Rail bridges typically carry two tracks, laid on ballast, although separate superstructures are often provided for each track. Railway gradients are much more limited than roadway gradients and because of this the construction depth of the superstructure (from rail level
== Bridge types ==
to the underside or soffit of the bridge) is often very limited. This limitation frequently results in ‘half through’ construction. Railway loading is greater than highway loading and consequently the superstructures for railway bridges are usually much heavier than for highway bridges.


Footbridges are smaller lighter structures. They are narrow (about 2m wide) and are usually single span structures that rarely span more than 40m.
* [[beam bridge|beam bridges]] - reinforced concrete, steel girder, [[horizontally curved bridges|horizontally curved]] (steel girder, concrete girder)
* [[steel girder bridge|steel girder bridges]]
* [[arch bridge|arch bridges]]
* [[segmental bridge|segmental bridges]]
* [[cable stayed bridge|cable stayed bridges]]
* [[suspension bridge|suspension bridges]]
* [[extradosed bridge|extradosed bridges]]
* movable bridges - [[bascule bridge|bascule]], [[vertical lift bridge|vertical lift]], [[swing bridge|swing]]
 
 
{{Bridge Design}}
 
 
[[Category:Bridge]]
[[Category:Bridge types]]

Latest revision as of 04:26, 29 May 2009

Template:Infobox Keyword Bridge

Basic features of bridges

See bridge.


Bridge types


 

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Miscellaneous Bridge design manuals and bridge details  · Distribution factors  · Scour  · Culvert
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